EEG Biomarkers of Embodiment: Systematic Review of 35 Studies

A systematic review summarizing 35 EEG studies from 2010 to June 2025 on the sense of embodiment. It analyzes EEG features including spectral power, event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS), connectivity, and temporal dynamics. The review was authored by Daniela Esteves and published under a CC BY 4.0 license.

Use Cases

• Analyze the reported reduction of alpha-band power over central-parietal regions as a correlate of embodiment across studies.
• Investigate the inconsistent findings for Beta-band decreases and gamma-band increases as potential EEG features of embodiment.
• Examine methodological variability in VR paradigms and EEG setups described in the review to inform future study design.
• Use the summarized evidence on Delta and Theta band findings to guide hypothesis generation for new EEG-based embodiment research.

Strengths

• Systematically reviews 35 identified EEG studies on the sense of embodiment.
• Covers a temporal range of studies from 2010 to June 2025.
• Analyzes multiple EEG features including spectral power, ERD/ERS, and connectivity.

Limitations

• The dataset is a review article (PDF), not raw experimental data, limiting direct analysis.
• The review finds considerable heterogeneity and inconsistent results across the 35 studies, limiting definitive conclusions.
• No standardized protocol or universally reproducible EEG biomarker for embodiment is identified.

Provenance

Source

Daniela Esteves via figshare.

Collection Method

Structured database searches for systematic review.

Time Range

Studies from 2010 to June 2025.

Freshness

Last updated on 2026-03-20.