Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Bangkok Toilet Waste Across Income Areas

Bangkok, Thailand toilet waste samples from low-, middle-, and high-income areas were analyzed for antimicrobial resistance genes. The study includes 27 samples collected during March–April 2023, with metagenomic sequencing data mapped to resistance gene and bacterial taxonomy databases. It was authored by Narong Nuanmuang and highlights differences in resistance gene abundance across socioeconomic groups.

Use Cases

• Compare antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) abundance measured in FPKM across low-, middle-, and high-income area samples.
• Analyze the co-occurrence of metal resistance and disinfectant resistance genes with specific bacterial taxonomies from the sequencing data.
• Identify significant differences in individual ARGs, including acquired and intrinsic genes, between the nine collection sites.
• Use the mapped resistance gene data to model city-level AMR surveillance patterns from toilet waste metagenomics.

Strengths

• Data originates from 27 distinct toilet waste samples collected across nine sites.
• Samples provide a socioeconomic comparison across low-, middle-, and high-income areas of Bangkok.
• Sequencing data is mapped to multiple specialized databases for antimicrobial, metal, and disinfectant resistance genes.

Limitations

• The dataset is small in scale, comprising only 27 samples, limiting statistical power for broad generalizations.
• Data is presented in a PDF report (336.8 KB), not in a structured, machine-readable tabular format.
• Temporal coverage is limited to a two-month period (March–April 2023), capturing a seasonal snapshot.

Provenance

Source

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Collection Method

Toilet waste samples collected and subjected to metagenomic sequencing, with sequences quality-checked and mapped to resistance gene databases.

Time Range

March–April 2023

Freshness

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Geography

Bangkok, Thailand