OMNI: Near-Earth Solar Wind Plasma and Magnetic Field Data with Geomagnetic Indices

OMNI provides definitive, 5-minute averaged multispacecraft data on solar wind plasma moments and interplanetary magnetic field, time-shifted to Earth's bow shock, plus geomagnetic indices. The dataset is produced by NASA's Space Physics Data Facility and was last updated in March 2026. It is a modified Level-3 high-resolution version using Wind SWE plasma definitive data, which includes the Alpha/Proton Density Ratio.

Use Cases

• Correlating solar wind parameters with geomagnetic activity indices for space weather forecasting.
• Modeling magnetospheric responses based on time-shifted interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) data.
• Analyzing solar wind plasma composition trends using the Alpha/Proton Density Ratio parameter.
• Studying high-resolution temporal dynamics of near-Earth heliospheric conditions.

Strengths

• Data is definitive and multisource, aggregated from multiple spacecraft.
• Includes the Alpha/Proton Density Ratio parameter for plasma composition analysis.
• Time tags follow the CDAWeb convention for mid-average times, enhancing interoperability.

Limitations

• Column-level documentation is absent; field semantics must be inferred after download.
• Time coverage in this modified version is noted to be decreased by 2% to 10% compared to older datasets.
• The latest data date typically lags behind the OMNI data based on SWE Key Parameters.

Provenance

Source

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Space Physics Data Facility

Collection Method

Definitive multispacecraft interplanetary parameters, averaged and time-shifted.

Time Range

null

Freshness

Last updated 2026-03-13 05:55:19.674953; freshness should be verified.

Geography

Near-Earth heliosphere