Independent Expenditures in U.S. Senate and Presidential Elections 2002-2020

Supplying a complete analysis of independent expenditures in U.S. Senate and presidential elections spanning ten biennial cycles from 2002 to 2020. It focuses on the regulatory change following the Supreme Court's 2010 decision in Citizens United v. FEC, comparing expenditure patterns before and after the ruling.

Use Cases

• Analyze independent expenditure patterns across ten biennial election cycles to assess temporal trends.
• Compare independent expenditure data from the pre-Citizens United period (2002-2010) with the post-Citizens United period (2011-2020) to measure the impact of the regulatory change.
• Examine independent expenditure data for U.S. Senate and presidential elections to understand campaign finance dynamics.

Strengths

• Covers ten biennial election cycles, providing longitudinal data.
• Focuses on a specific regulatory change (Citizens United v. FEC) as a key analytical point.
• Analyzes data for both U.S. Senate and presidential elections.

Limitations

• The specific column structure, sample data, and row count are unknown, limiting detailed technical assessment.
• The analysis is confined to U.S. federal elections (Senate and presidential), not covering state or local races.
• The dataset's creation methodology and source data are not detailed in the provided input.

Provenance

Source

Shriyan Yamali Dataverse

Collection Method

Analysis of independent expenditures; specific gathering method unknown.

Time Range

2002 to 2020

Freshness

The dataset was last updated on 2026-02-28.

Geography

United States (federal elections)