SEN12TS: Sentinel SAR and Optical Land Cover Image Triplets for 2020

SEN12TS is a 1.69 TB dataset from MLHUB containing 246,400 triplets of Sentinel-1 SAR, Sentinel-2 optical, and land cover imagery. It covers six agro-ecologically diverse regions—California, Iowa, Catalonia, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Sumatra—across 31,398 unique spatial tiles at 10m resolution. The dataset was last updated on January 1, 2023.

Use Cases

• Training generative adversarial networks to transform radar imagery into enhanced vegetation indices, as mentioned in the documentation.
• Testing combinations of SAR and optical input imagery for cropland classification tasks.
• Developing time-series models for land cover change using radar imagery collected at four 12-day intervals.
• Benchmarking geospatial machine learning models on a large-scale, multi-region dataset.
• Analyzing the relationship between SAR backscatter, InSAR coherence, and multispectral optical data for specific land types.

Strengths

• Contains 246,400 image triplets across 31,398 unique spatial tiles, indicating substantial spatial coverage.
• Offers multimodal data including SAR backscatter, InSAR coherence, optical imagery, and land cover labels at 10m resolution.
• Provides time-series data with radar imagery collected at four timesteps 12 days apart for the same spatial extent.
• Covers six distinct agro-ecological regions, suggesting diversity in land cover and environmental conditions.

Limitations

• Column-level documentation is absent; field semantics must be inferred after download.
• Row count is unknown, which may limit suitability assessment for specific modeling tasks.
• Last updated 2023-01-01 00:00:00; freshness should be verified for applications requiring recent data.

Provenance

Source

MLHUB, using the Descartes Labs geospatial analytics platform and data from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellites.

Collection Method

Produced from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, processed to create aligned triplets of SAR, multispectral, and land cover data.

Time Range

Calendar year of 2020.

Freshness

Last updated 2023-01-01 00:00:00.

Geography

Six areas of interest: California, Iowa, Catalonia, Ethiopia, Uganda, and Sumatra.