Doctoral Students' Time Anxiety Scale: A 12-Item Psychometric Instrument

A 12-item Doctoral Students’ Time Anxiety Scale was developed and validated using a sequential qualitative-quantitative mixed-methods approach. The scale measures three interconnected dimensions—affective anxiety, cognitive anxiety, and behavioral manifestations—affecting doctoral students' temporal experiences and academic performance. Jianyue Chen authored this instrument, which was last updated on 2026-05-14.

Use Cases

• Assessing time anxiety levels among doctoral student populations based on the described three-dimensional structure.
• Designing targeted mental health interventions for graduate students based on identified anxiety dimensions.
• Conducting empirical research on the relationship between time anxiety and academic performance.
• Informing higher education management policies using the validated psychometric scale.

Strengths

• The final scale consists of 12 items, providing a focused measurement tool.
• The development process employed a sequential mixed-methods approach, including grounded theory and empirical validation.
• The scale demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity according to the description.

Limitations

• The dataset is a 105.5 KB PDF document, which is a tiny file containing the scale description rather than raw response data.
• Row count and column-level documentation are absent; the file's data content requires manual inspection after download.
• The geographic and demographic scope of the validation sample is not specified, which may limit generalizability.

Provenance

Source

Jianyue Chen via figshare

Collection Method

Developed using a sequential qualitative-quantitative mixed-methods approach, including grounded theory and empirical scale validation.

Freshness

Last updated 2026-05-14 05:43:26; freshness should be verified.