D1.1 A(H5N1) Influenza Genotype Spread in North American Wild Birds, 2024

A novel D1.1 genotype of high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5N1) rapidly replaced earlier genotypes across multiple North American flyways during the 2024 fall migratory season. The dataset documents this emergence and spread through active and passive wildlife surveillance in Canada and the U.S., with phylodynamic analysis showing a monophyletic group. Walter N. Harrington published the supporting data in 2026 under a CC-BY-4.0 license.

Use Cases

• Phylodynamic analysis of virus spread based on the documented monophyletic group and genotype replacement.
• Tracking genotype prevalence over time based on surveillance data from the 2024 fall migratory season.
• Assessing zoonotic risk by comparing viral markers from wild birds with those from human and cattle cases.
• Evaluating vaccine candidate cross-reactivity based on antigenic data for D1.1 strains.

Strengths

• Data is derived from an extensive network of active and passive avian wildlife surveillance approaches.
• Includes phylodynamic analysis showing the rapid replacement of earlier genotypes across multiple flyways.
• Links wild bird virus data to detections in 17 human cases and at least two introductions into dairy cattle.
• Explicitly notes the absence of specific mammalian adaptive markers in wild bird viruses.

Limitations

• Row count is unknown, which may limit suitability assessment.
• Column-level documentation is absent; field semantics must be inferred after download.
• The 3.4 MB size suggests a relatively small dataset, potentially limiting analytical scope.

Provenance

Source

Walter N. Harrington, published on figshare.

Collection Method

Active and passive avian wildlife influenza surveillance within Canada and the U.S., combined with phylodynamic analysis.

Time Range

Focuses on the 2024 fall migratory season, with context from late 2021 onward.

Freshness

Last updated 2026-04-16 07:01:14.

Geography

North America, specifically Canada and the U.S., across multiple migratory flyways.